Charging optimization · Battery degradation · Electro-thermal equivalent circuit model · Electric vehicles · ,Lithium iron phosphate
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,"/> <h4> <span class="fontstyle0">A Model-Based Battery Charging Optimization Framework for Proper Trade-offs Between Time and Degradation</span> </h4>

Automotive Innovation ›› 2023, Vol. 6 ›› Issue (2): 204-219.doi: 10.1007/s42154-023-00221-8

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A Model-Based Battery Charging Optimization Framework for Proper Trade-offs Between Time and Degradation

Sean Appleton1 · Abbas Fotouhi1
  

  1. 1 Advanced Vehicle Engineering Centre , Cranfield University , College Road , Cranfield MK43 0AL , UK
  • 出版日期:2023-05-28 发布日期:2023-05-28

A Model-Based Battery Charging Optimization Framework for Proper Trade-offs Between Time and Degradation

Sean Appleton1 · Abbas Fotouhi1 #br#   

  1. Advanced Vehicle Engineering Centre , Cranfield University , College Road , Cranfield MK43 0AL , UK
  • Online:2023-05-28 Published:2023-05-28

摘要: This study aims at developing an optimization framework for electric vehicle charging by considering different trade-offs
between battery degradation and charging time. For the first time, the application of practical limitations on charging and
cooling power is considered along with more detailed health models. Lithium iron phosphate battery is used as a case study
to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed optimization framework. A coupled electro-thermal equivalent circuit model
is used along with two battery health models to mathematically obtain optimal charging current profiles by considering stress factors of state-of-charge, charging rate, temperature and time. The optimization results demonstrate an improvement over the benchmark constant current–constant voltage (CCCV) charging protocol when considering both the charging time and battery health. A main difference between the optimal and the CCCV charging protocols is found to be an additional ability to apply constraints and adapt to initial conditions in the proposed optimal charging protocol. In a case study, for example, the ‘optimal time’ charging is found to take 12 min while the ‘optimal health’ charging profile suggests around 100 min for charging the battery from 25 to 75% state-of-charge. Any other trade-off between those two extreme cases is achievable using the proposed charging protocol as well.

关键词: Charging optimization · Battery degradation · Electro-thermal equivalent circuit model · Electric vehicles · ')">Charging optimization · Battery degradation · Electro-thermal equivalent circuit model · Electric vehicles · , Lithium iron phosphate

Abstract: This study aims at developing an optimization framework for electric vehicle charging by considering different trade-offs
between battery degradation and charging time. For the first time, the application of practical limitations on charging and
cooling power is considered along with more detailed health models. Lithium iron phosphate battery is used as a case study
to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed optimization framework. A coupled electro-thermal equivalent circuit model
is used along with two battery health models to mathematically obtain optimal charging current profiles by considering stress factors of state-of-charge, charging rate, temperature and time. The optimization results demonstrate an improvement over the benchmark constant current–constant voltage (CCCV) charging protocol when considering both the charging time and battery health. A main difference between the optimal and the CCCV charging protocols is found to be an additional ability to apply constraints and adapt to initial conditions in the proposed optimal charging protocol. In a case study, for example, the ‘optimal time’ charging is found to take 12 min while the ‘optimal health’ charging profile suggests around 100 min for charging the battery from 25 to 75% state-of-charge. Any other trade-off between those two extreme cases is achievable using the proposed charging protocol as well.

Key words: Charging optimization · Battery degradation · Electro-thermal equivalent circuit model · Electric vehicles · , Lithium iron phosphate